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长途大巴 • 阅读主题 - IBM研发全球最快石墨烯晶体管 直奔26GHz

IBM研发全球最快石墨烯晶体管 直奔26GHz

IBM研发全球最快石墨烯晶体管 直奔26GHz

帖子yijun 在 23 Dec 2008, 23:32

看来摩尔定律在未来还很有些年头将是有效的。
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
IBM宣布,他们已经成功将纳米级石墨烯场效应晶体管的频率提高到GHz级别,这也是这种非硅电子材料迄今为止所能达到的最高频率。
[img]http://i3.sinaimg.cn/IT/h/2008-12-22/74f43b64a8abdb788525be99833160d9.jpg[/img]
  该成就是美国国防部高级研究计划署(DARPA)赞助的碳电子射频应用(CERA)项目取得的里程碑式进步,也是开发下一代通信设备工程的一部分。

  石墨烯(Graphene)是石墨的一种特殊形式,呈二维结构,由蜂窝状的单层碳原子组成,完美情况下只包括六角元胞(等角六边形),而且有着独特的电子属性,有希望最终组成超高速晶体管,故而吸引了全球科研人员的广泛关注。2006年3月,佐治亚理工学院成功地制造了第一个石墨烯平面场效应晶体管,并观测到了量子干涉效应。

  晶体管的运行频率取决于其大小和电子移动速度,而大小因素正是半导体行业不断追求更先进工艺硅晶体管的驱动力之一。与硅相比,石墨烯内的电子移动速度非常快,所以能制造出高速度、高性能的晶体管。

  IBM的最新成果除了让石墨烯晶体管的频率突破1GHz,更重要的是还首次确立了尺度行为,比如性能对大小的依赖性。科研人员们发现,在门信号宽度达到150纳米的时候,石墨烯晶体管的运行频率可以达到空前的26GHz,而现在微处理器里的硅晶体管在极限超频状态下也不过8GHz左右。

  IBM还预计,如果能将门信号宽度缩小到50纳米,石墨烯晶体管的频率就有望突破1THz,也就是1000GHz。

  接下来,IBM一方面会改进材料,进一步增强性能,另一方面会开发基于高性能石墨烯晶体管的射频电路。
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