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长途大巴 • 阅读主题 - 中国早期对佛教的接受环境

中国早期对佛教的接受环境

中国早期对佛教的接受环境

帖子yijun 在 22 Nov 2008, 20:31

外来宗教进入一个成熟社会,是一个分层次的过程。中国内地的接受环境,迥异于西域和西藏,也因此,佛教在内地环境的流播,才有了独特的中国化演变。
内地接受环境最大的特点,就是非单一宗教性,并且,人群的精神生活被分做泾渭分明的两个部分:一个是纯思辨化的义理部分,由少数知识精英分子遂行;一个是持实用主义的大众,把一切宗教视作大神,追求其效用。因此当佛教传教士来到内地,所看到的是一个非常友好的社会,知识精英视之为与黄老一派略同的学理,大众视之为又一个大神,而大神总是越多越好。反之,佛教本身所具有的非排他性,也使得其马上适应了中国环境所赋予它的角色:一种中国式宗教。
一个典型就是《后汉纪》所载楚王刘英的故事。
这个刘英“好游侠,交通宾客,晚节喜黄老,修佛屠祠”,算是一个当时的知识精英分子,热衷黄老的同时,也遵行一些佛教的礼仪,一点问题都没有。那么其他人怎么看他这么干的呢?当时的皇帝明帝,在永平八年(公元65年)诏令天下死罪可以通过交纳缣来赎罪,于是刘英也拿了一堆缣交给明帝,明帝就奇怪了,说,“楚王诵黄老之微言,尚浮屠之仁祠,洁斋三月,与神为誓,有何嫌惧而赎其罪?”
明帝这句话的意思很清楚,在他看来,这个刘英敬佛,一点都不觉得怪异,佛教,被理所当然地成为了既有文化传统的一部分,几乎没有任何异质性。

[url=http://knol.google.com/k/-/-/2qslipiksbfi/104]中国佛教历史[/url]
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